Prolactin

Home / Lab Tests / Prolactin

A B
1
 Test Code: 526 PROLACTIN
2
 Performing Lab:  SMA Specialty Medical Lab
3
 Clinical Significance:  Prolactin is a single-chain polypeptide hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary under the
control of prolactin-inhibiting factors and prolactin-releasing factors. These inhibiting and
releasing factors are secreted by the hypothalamus. Prolactin is also synthesized by the
placenta and is present in amniotic fluid.
Prolactin initiates and maintains lactation in females. It also plays a role in regulating gonadal
function in both males and females. In adults, basal circulating prolactin is present in concentrations up to 30 ng/mL (636 μIU/mL). During pregnancy and postpartum lactation, serum prolactin can increase 10- to 20-fold. Exercise, stress, and sleep also cause transient increases in prolactin levels.
Consistently elevated serum prolactin levels greater than 30 ng/mL (636 μIU/mL) in the absence
of pregnancy and postpartum lactation are indicative of hyperprolactinemia, which is the most
common hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction encountered in clinical endocrinology.
Hyperprolactinemia often results in galactorrhea, amenorrhea, and infertility in females, and in
impotence and hypogonadism in males.4 Renal failure, hypothyroidism, and prolactin-secreting
pituitary adenomas are also common causes of abnormally elevated prolactin levels. Renal failure, hypothyroidism, and prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas are also common causes of abnormally elevated prolactin levels
4
 Limitations When determining prolactin, it should be remembered that the measured concentration is dependent upon when the blood sample was taken, since the secretion of prolactin occurs in episodes and is also subject to a 24-hour cycle.
Pregnancy, lactation, and the administration of oral contraceptives can increase prolactin concentrations. Heterophilic antibodies in human serum can react with reagent immunoglobulins, interfering with in vitro immunoassays. Patients routinely exposed to animals or to animal serum products can be prone to this interference and anomalous values may be observed. Additional information may be required for diagnosis.
5
 Reference Ranges:  Males: 2.1-17.7 ng/mL
6
 Females:
7
 2.8-29.2 ng/mL
8
 Pregnant: 9.7-208.5 ng/mL
9
 Postmenopausal: 1.8-20.3 ng/mL
10
 Preferred Specimen:  Serum collected in Serum Separator Tube or Red Top Tube
11
 Alternate Specimens:  If a red-top tube is used, transfer separated serum to a plastic transport tube
12
 Minimum Volume:  2 mL
13
 Specimen Container:  Gel Barrier Tube (Serum Separator Tube); Red Top Tube; Plastic Transfer Tube
14
 Collection: Separate serum from cells within 45 minutes of collection
15
 Transport Temperature:  Refrigerated
16
 Specimen Stability:  Refrigerated: 7 days
17
 Causes for Rejection Improper labeling; plasma; hemolyzed sample; lipemic sample.
18
 Methodology:  Chemiluminescent
19
 Setup Days:  Monday – Saturday
20
 Setup Times:  Every Shift
21
 Turnaround:  24 Hours
22
 CPT Code(s):  84146
23
 (The CPT codes provided are based on AMA guidelines and are for informational purposes only. CPT coding is the sole responsibility of the billing party. Please direct any questions regarding coding to the payer being billed.)
24
 Instrument Siemens Atellica IM

ComprehensiveDx Clear™

ComprehensiveDx Clear™
Test Code: 1248
Test Description ComprehensiveDx Clear is a comprehensive panel for hereditary breast, ovarian, uterine, colorectal, pancreatic, prostate and melanoma cancers.
Genes Tested GENE ASSOCIATED CANCER(S) SYNDROME
APC Colorectal, pancreatic and other Familial Adenomatous Polyposis syndrome, Gardner syndrome, and Turcot syndrome
ATM Breast, pancreatic Ataxia-telangiectasia (if both copies of the gene are mutated)
BAP1 Renal, melanoma, mesothelioma Familial Melanoma Cancer Syndrome
BARD1 Breast, ovarian
BMPR1A Colorectal, gastric, pancreatic Juvenile Polyposis syndrome
BRCA1 Breast, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, male breast Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer syndrome
BRCA2 Breast, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, male breast, melanoma Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer syndrome;
Fanconi anemia (if both copies of the gene are mutated)
BRIP1 Ovarian, breast Fanconi anemia (if both copies of the gene are mutated)
CDH1 Breast, gastric, colorectal Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer
CDK4 Melanoma, pancreatic Familial Melanoma Cancer Syndrome
CDKN2A Melanoma, pancreatic Familial Melanoma Cancer Syndrome
CHEK2 Breast, colorectal
DICER1 Lung, kidney, thyroid, ovarian
EPCAM Colorectal, gastric, endometrial, ovarian Lynch (Hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer) syndrome
FANCC Breast Fanconi anemia (if both copies of the gene are mutated)
MRE11A Breast, ovarian Ataxia-telangiectasia-like Syndrome (if both copies of the gene are mutated)
MSH2 Colorectal, gastric, endometrial, ovarian Lynch (Hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer) syndrome
MSH6 Colorectal, endometrial Lynch (Hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer) syndrome
MUTYH Colorectal MUTYH-associated Polyposis syndrome
NBN Breast, melanoma, prostate Nijmegen breakage syndrome (if both copies of the gene are mutated)
PALB2 Breast, ovarian, pancreatic, male breast Fanconi anemia (if both copies of the gene are mutated)
PMS2 Colorectal, endometrial, gastric, ovarian Lynch (Hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer) syndrome
POLD1 Colorectal, endometrial Familial Adenomatous Polyposis syndrome
POLE Colorectal, gastrointestinal Familial Adenomatous Polyposis syndrome
PTEN Breast, uterine, colorectal, thyroid, kidney, melanoma Cowden Syndrome / PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome
RAD50 Ovarian
RAD51C Breast, ovarian Fanconi anemia (if both copies of the gene are mutated)
RAD51D Breast, ovarian
SDHA Gastrointestinal, other Paragangliomas 5
SDHB Gastrointestinal, renal, other Paraganglioma and gastric stromal sarcoma
SDHC Gastrointestinal, renal, other Paraganglioma and gastric stromal sarcoma
SDHD Gastrointestinal, renal, other Cowden Syndrome 3; Paraganglioma and gastric stromal sarcoma
SMAD4 Colorectal, gastric Juvenile Polyposis syndrome
STK11 Colorectal, endometrial, gastric, ovarian, breast, pancreatic Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
TP53 Colorectal, breast, pancreatic, sarcomas, gastrointestinal, adrenocortical, leukemia Li-Fraumeni syndrome
Specimen Requirements Blood (two 4ml EDTA tubes, lavender top) or Extracted DNA (3ug in EB buffer) or Buccal Swab or Saliva (kits available upon request)
Turnaround Time (TAT) 2-3 weeks

This will close in 0 seconds

BreastDx Clear™

BreastDx Clear™
Test Code: 1250
Test Description BreastDx Clear is a multi-gene test that analyzes 16 breast cancer susceptibility genes. Although all women have some risk of developing breast and/or ovarian cancer at some point in their lives, having a mutation in one of the breast cancer susceptibility genes increases this risk. Men who have a mutation in one of the breast cancer susceptibility genes have an increased risk of breast, prostate, pancreatic, gastric and other cancer types.
Genes Tested GENE ASSOCIATED CANCER(S) SYNDROME
ATM Breast, pancreatic Ataxia-telangiectasia (if both copies of the gene are mutated)
BARD1 Breast, ovarian
BRCA1 Breast, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, male breast Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer syndrome
BRCA2 Breast, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, male breast, melanoma Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer syndrome;
Fanconi anemia (if both copies of the gene are mutated)
BRIP1 Ovarian, breast Fanconi anemia (if both copies of the gene are mutated)
CDH1 Breast, gastric, colorectal Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer
CHEK2 Breast, colorectal
FANCC Breast Fanconi anemia (if both copies of the gene are mutated)
MRE11A Ovarian, breast Ataxia-telangiectasia-like Syndrome (if both copies of the gene are mutated)
NBN Breast, melanoma, prostate Nijmegen breakage syndrome (if both copies of the gene are mutated)
PALB2 Breast, ovarian, pancreatic, male breast Fanconi anemia (if both copies of the gene are mutated)
PTEN Breast, uterine, colorectal, thyroid, kidney Cowden Syndrome / PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome
RAD51C Breast, ovarian Fanconi anemia (if both copies of the gene are mutated)
RAD51D Breast, ovarian
STK11 Breast, ovarian, colorectal, gastric, pancreatic Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
TP53 Breast, brain, sarcomas, gastrointestinal, adrenocortical, leukemia Li-Fraumeni Syndrome
Specimen Requirements Blood (two 4ml EDTA tubes, lavender top) or Extracted DNA (3ug in EB buffer) or Buccal Swab or Saliva (kits available upon request)
Turnaround Time (TAT) 2-3 weeks

This will close in 0 seconds

ColoDx Clear™

ColoDx Clear™
Test Code: 1251
Test Description Colorectal cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer diagnosed in the United States and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the country.
ColoDx Clear is a multi-gene test focused on hereditary colon cancer syndromes. Pathogenic variants (mutations) in high-risk colorectal cancer genes are associated with several hereditary cancer syndromes and increase the risk of cancer in many organs.
Genes Tested GENE ASSOCIATED CANCER(S) SYNDROME
APC Colorectal, pancreatic and other Familial Adenomatous Polyposis syndrome, Gardner syndrome, and Turcot syndrome
BMPR1A Colorectal, gastric Juvenile Polyposis syndrome
EPCAM Colorectal, gastric, endometrial, ovarian Lynch (Hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer) syndrome
MLH1 Colorectal, gastric, endometrial, ovarian Lynch (Hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer) syndrome
MSH2 Colorectal, gastric, endometrial, ovarian Lynch (Hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer) syndrome
MSH6 Colorectal, endometrial Lynch (Hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer) syndrome
MUTYH Colorectal MUTYH-associated Polyposis syndrome
PMS2 Colorectal, endometrial, gastric, ovarian Lynch (Hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer) syndrome
POLD1 Colorectal, endometrial Familial Adenomatous Polyposis syndrome
POLE Colorectal, gastrointestinal Familial Adenomatous Polyposis syndrome
PTEN Colorectal, endometrial, breast, melanoma Cowden syndrome
SMAD4 Colorectal, gastric Juvenile Polyposis syndrome
STK11 Colorectal, endometrial, gastric, ovarian, breast, pancreatic Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
TP53 Colorectal, breast, pancreatic and other Li-Fraumeni syndrome
Specimen Requirements Blood (two 4ml EDTA tubes, lavender top) or Extracted DNA (3ug in EB buffer) or Buccal Swab or Saliva (kits available upon request)
Turnaround Time (TAT) 2-3 weeks

This will close in 0 seconds

ProstateDx Clear™

ProstateDx Clear™
Test Code: 1257
Test Description: The ProstateDx Clear™  Panel examines genes associated with an increased risk for prostate cancer.  This test includes both well-established prostate cancer susceptibility genes, as well as candidate genes with limited evidence of an association with prostate cancer.
Genes Tested: ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, EPCAM, HOXB13, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6,
NBN, PALB2, PMS2, TP53
Specimen Requirements Blood (two 4ml EDTA tubes, lavender top) or Extracted DNA (3ug in EB buffer)
or Buccal Swab or Saliva (kits available upon request)
Turnaround Time (TAT) 2-3 weeks

This will close in 0 seconds